Gastritis is an inflammation of the stomach lining, which can be caused by a variety of factors such as infection, medications, or excessive alcohol use. This inflammation disrupts the stomach’s protective lining, leading to irritation, discomfort, and sometimes damage to the stomach tissue. Gastritis can be acute (short-term) or chronic (long-term), with symptoms ranging from mild stomach discomfort to severe pain, nausea, and vomiting. In severe cases, untreated gastritis can lead to ulcers, bleeding, or an increased risk of stomach cancer.
If you experience persistent stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, or unusual changes in your stool, such as black, tarry stools or visible blood, it’s important to seek medical attention. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent complications such as ulcers or bleeding.
Types of Gastritis
There are several types of Gastritis, each with its own set of characteristics:
- Acute Gastritis: A sudden inflammation of the stomach lining, often caused by bacterial infections, overuse of NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), or excessive alcohol consumption. Symptoms usually come on quickly and can be severe but are often temporary.
- Chronic Gastritis: A long-term inflammation that can persist for months or even years. It is often caused by an ongoing infection, typically from Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) bacteria, or autoimmune conditions where the body’s immune system attacks the stomach lining.
- Atrophic Gastritis: A subtype of chronic gastritis, characterized by thinning of the stomach lining, which can lead to the loss of stomach cells and potentially increase the risk of stomach cancer.
- Erosive Gastritis: A form of gastritis that causes damage to the stomach lining, leading to the formation of ulcers. This is commonly caused by prolonged use of NSAIDs or excessive alcohol use.
Symptoms of Gastritis
The symptoms of gastritis can range from mild to severe and may include:
- Stomach pain or discomfort, often described as a dull, aching feeling in the upper abdomen.
- Bloating or a feeling of fullness after eating.
- Nausea and vomiting, sometimes with blood or dark material (in cases of severe bleeding).
- Loss of appetite and unexplained weight loss.
- Indigestion or heartburn.
- Black, tarry stools, which may indicate internal bleeding.
Causes and Risk Factors of Gastritis
Gastritis can be caused by various factors, including:
- Bacterial infection: The most common cause of chronic gastritis is H. pylori, a bacteria that weakens the stomach lining and promotes inflammation.
- Frequent use of NSAIDs: Drugs like ibuprofen or aspirin can irritate the stomach lining when used regularly, leading to inflammation.
- Excessive alcohol consumption: Drinking large amounts of alcohol can irritate and damage the stomach lining.
- Autoimmune disorders: In autoimmune gastritis, the immune system mistakenly attacks the stomach lining, leading to chronic inflammation.
- Stress: Severe physical stress, such as from surgery, trauma, or severe illness, can sometimes lead to acute gastritis.
- Other infections: Viruses, such as cytomegalovirus (CMV), can also cause gastritis in immunocompromised individuals.
When to See a Doctor for Gastritis?
Seek medical advice for possible gastritis if: you experience severe abdominal pain or persistent vomiting. Emergency care is necessary for fainting, chest pain, or confusion.
Related Terms of Gastritis
FAQs for Gastritis
When should I go to the ER for gastritis?
If you experience severe symptoms such as fainting, chest pain, or confusion, seek emergency care immediately.
How does heat affect gastritis in the UAE?
Heat and dehydration can exacerbate symptoms; staying hydrated is essential, especially during long-haul flights or fasting.
What can I do to reduce my risk of gastritis?
Maintaining a balanced diet, managing stress, and avoiding excessive alcohol can help lower the risk.
